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Appendix B: Algorithms
B–16
TDS 500C, TDS 600B, & TDS 700C User Manual
Measurements on Envelope Waveforms
Time measurements on envelope waveforms must be treated differently from
time measurements on other waveforms, because envelope waveforms contain so
many apparent crossings. Unless otherwise noted, envelope waveforms use either
the minima or the maxima (but not both), determined in the following manner:
1. Step through the waveform from to until the sample min and max
pair DO NOT straddle .
MidRef
Both min and max
samples are above
MidRef, so use minima.
MidRef
Both min and max
samples are below
MidRef, so use maxima.
Figure B–4: Choosing Minima or Maxima to Use for Envelope Measurements
- User Manual 1
- Digitizing Oscilloscopes 1
- 070-9869-00 1
- WARRANTY 3
- List of Figures 7
- List of Tables 11
- Table of Contents 12
- General Safety Summary 13
- Symbols and Terms 14
- Related Manuals 15
- Default Model 16
- Model References 16
- Conventions 16
- Getting Started 19
- Product Description 20
- Differences by Model 21
- Product Specification 22
- Start Up 24
- Putting into Service 25
- Front Cover Removal 26
- Power On 26
- Self Test 27
- Power Off 27
- Operating Basics 28
- Overview 29
- Operating Interface Maps 31
- Front Panel Map — Right Side 32
- Rear Panel Map 33
- Display Map 34
- To Operate a Menu 35
- To Operate a Pop-Up Menu 36
- Tutorial 37
- Reset the Oscilloscope 38
- SETUP Button 39
- Recall Factory Setup 39
- Menu Item and Button 39
- OK Confirm Factory Init 39
- Examine the Display 40
- Adjust the Waveform 42
- Autoset the Oscilloscope 43
- AUTOSET Button 44
- Add a Waveform 45
- Assign Controls to 48
- Another Channel 48
- Remove a Waveform 49
- Automatically 50
- Remove Measurement 52
- Readouts 52
- Change the Measurement 52
- Reference Levels 52
- Displaying a Snapshot of 55
- Automated Measurements 55
- Example 4: Saving Setups 56
- Save a Setup 57
- Recall a Setup 59
- Reference 61
- Determining Status and 64
- Accessing Help 64
- Using Features for 64
- Advanced Applications 64
- To Compensate 67
- Passive Probes 67
- Input Impedance 68
- Considerations 68
- To Autoset the 70
- Oscilloscope 70
- List of Autoset Defaults 70
- 0 volts 71
- Selecting Channels 72
- To Select and 73
- Remove Waveforms 73
- Waveform Priority 74
- To Check Position 75
- To Check the 75
- Vertical Scale 75
- To Change Vertical Scale 76
- Vertical Readout 77
- To Change 78
- Vertical Parameters 78
- To Set External 79
- Attenuation (TDS 500C 79
- Horizontal Status 79
- To Change Horizontal 80
- Scale and Position 80
- Parameters 81
- To Select the 83
- Delayed Time Base 83
- Extended Acquisition 83
- Length (Option 2M Only) 83
- Choosing an Acquisition Mode 86
- Real-time Sampling 87
- Equivalent-Time Sampling 88
- Interpolation 89
- Interleaving 90
- The Acquisition Modes 90
- Checking the 94
- Acquisition Readout 94
- Selecting an 94
- Selecting Repetitive 95
- Sampling 95
- Stop After 96
- Preventing Aliasing 98
- Customizing the Display 99
- Change Display Settings 100
- Select the Display Style 100
- Adjust Intensity 101
- Set Display Readout 101
- Trigger Bar—Short Style 102
- Trigger Point Indicator 102
- Trigger Bar—Long Style 102
- Select Interpolation Filter 103
- Select the Graticule Type 103
- Select the Format 104
- Customizing the Display Color 105
- Choose a Palette 106
- Change the Palette Colors 107
- Set Math Waveform Color 108
- Set Reference Waveform 108
- Select Options 109
- Restore Colors 109
- Zooming on Waveforms 110
- Using with Waveforms 111
- Interpolation and Zoom 111
- Checking the Zoom Factor 111
- Zoom a Waveform 112
- Set Interpolation 113
- Reset Zoom 113
- Using Dual Window Mode 113
- Zoomed (Magnified) Waveforms 114
- Nonzoomed Waveforms, with Box 114
- Dual Zoom a Waveform 115
- To Set Dual Zoom Offset 115
- Waveform Capture Rate 116
- To Use InstaVu Mode 117
- To Set the InstaVu Style 119
- To Set the InstaVu 119
- Readout Options 119
- Incompatible Modes 119
- Using FastFrame 120
- 121
- Triggering on Waveforms 124
- The Trigger Event 125
- Trigger Sources 125
- Trigger Types 126
- Trigger Modes 126
- Trigger Holdoff 127
- Trigger Coupling 128
- Trigger Position 128
- Slope and Level 129
- Delayed Trigger System 129
- To set MAIN LEVEL 129
- To Set to 50% 130
- To Force a Trigger 130
- To Single Trigger 131
- To Check Trigger Status 131
- Triggering on a Waveform Edge 133
- To Select Edge Triggering 134
- To Select a Source 135
- To Specify Coupling 135
- To Set Mode & Holdoff 136
- To Set Slope 136
- Triggering Based on Logic 137
- Pattern and State Classes 138
- Setup and Hold Class 139
- To Check Logic 140
- Trigger Status 140
- To Trigger on a Pattern 142
- To Define a Time Qualified 144
- Pattern Trigger 144
- Triggers Acquisition 145
- Time Logic Function is TRUE 145
- To State Trigger 146
- To Trigger on Setup/ 147
- Hold Time Violations 147
- Triggering on Pulses 150
- To Trigger on a Glitch 152
- To Trigger on a Runt Pulse 154
- Trigger Based on 157
- Pulse Width 157
- To Trigger Based 158
- Cursors Measure Slew Rate 161
- Pulse Timeout 162
- Communications Triggering 164
- To Select Comm 165
- Triggering 165
- To Specify Code 165
- To Select a 166
- Communications 166
- Standard 166
- To Select a Pulse Form 166
- Delayed Triggering 167
- To Run After Delay 169
- To Trigger After Delay 169
- Measuring Waveforms 174
- Taking Automated Measurements 175
- Measurement Readouts 177
- Display Measurements 178
- Remove Measurements 179
- Gate Measurements 179
- Define High-Low Setup 181
- Define Reference Levels 181
- Take a Delay 183
- Measurement 183
- Take a Snapshot of 184
- Measurements 184
- Snapshot Display 185
- Display Measurement 186
- Statistics (TDS 500C and 186
- TDS 700C Only) 186
- Taking Cursor Measurements 187
- Cursor Types 188
- Cursor Modes 188
- Cursor Readouts 189
- Select the 190
- Cursor Function 190
- Set Mode and Adjust 191
- the Cursors 191
- Select Cursor Speed 192
- Select Time Units 192
- Select Amplitude Units 192
- To Find More Information 192
- Taking Graticule Measurements 193
- Measure Waveform Time 194
- Start Histogram Counting 194
- Reset Histogram Counting 195
- Display a Histogram 195
- Setting Histogram Box 195
- Histogram Measurement 196
- Display Histogram 196
- Mask Testing (Option 2C Only) 197
- (side) to 198
- Adjusting Time Base 199
- Position 199
- Counting Masks 199
- Editing a Mask 199
- “D2” 143.18 Mb/s 202
- Signal Path 203
- Compensation 203
- Channel/Probe Deskew 204
- Probe Cal 204
- rather than Probe 206
- (side) 208
- , you may get the 208
- Table 3–13: Probe cal status 211
- Saving Waveforms and Setups 212
- To Save a Setup 213
- To Run the File Utilities 215
- To Save a Waveform 216
- To Save an Acquisition 217
- (Option 2M Only) 217
- To Change Format 218
- To Delete Waveforms 218
- To Recall an Acquisition 220
- From Disk (TDS 500C and 220
- TDS700C Only) 220
- To Enable Autosave 220
- Managing the File System 221
- To Delete 223
- To Rename 223
- To Print 224
- To Create a Directory 224
- To Set Confirm Delete 224
- Printing a Hardcopy 225
- Supported Formats 226
- To Set Up for Making 227
- Hardcopies 227
- Date and Time Display 229
- To Print Directly to a 230
- Hardcopy Device 230
- To Save to a Disk 232
- To Print Using a Controller 233
- To Prepare for Remote 235
- Operation 235
- To Set Up for Remote 237
- GPIB Configuration Menu 238
- Displaying Status 240
- Firmware Version 241
- Displaying the Banner 242
- Displaying Help 242
- Limit Testing 244
- To Create Limit Test 245
- Template 245
- To Select a Limit Test 247
- To Specify the Limit Test 247
- Response 247
- Single Waveform 248
- Comparisons 248
- Waveform Math 249
- To Use Single Wfm Math 250
- To Use Dual Wfm Math 251
- Fast Fourier Transforms 252
- To Create an FFT 254
- To Take Cursor 257
- Measurements of an FFT 257
- See step 7 on page 258
- To Take Automated 259
- The FFT Frequency 259
- Domain Record 259
- Sample Rate 261
- FFT Length 261
- Normally, the output of a 262
- Record Length 262
- Acquisition Mode 263
- Zoom and Interpolation 263
- Undersampling (Aliasing) 264
- Considerations for Phase 265
- Displays 265
- FFT Windows 267
- Waveform Differentiation 271
- To Create a Derivative of a 272
- Waveform 272
- Offset, Position, and Scale 274
- Using Zoom 275
- Waveform Integration 276
- To Create a Integral Math 277
- Source Waveform 279
- Integral Math Waveform 279
- DC Offset 280
- Appendices 282
- Table A–1: Options (cont.) 284
- Standard Accessories 285
- Optional Accessories 286
- Accessory Probes 287
- Accessory Software 289
- Warranty Information 289
- Service Assurance 289
- Appendix B: Algorithms 291
- HighRef, MidRef, LowRef 292
- Other Variables 293
- MCross Calculations 294
- Measurement Algorithms 296
- Burst Width 297
- Cycle Mean 297
- Cycle RMS 297
- Extinction Ratio 298
- Extinction % 298
- Extinction dB 298
- Fall Time 298
- Frequency 299
- Mean dBm 300
- Negative Duty Cycle 301
- Negative Overshoot 301
- Negative Width 301
- Optical Power 301
- Peak to Peak 301
- * 302
- Positive Duty Cycle 303
- Positive Overshoot 303
- Positive Width 303
- Rise Time 303
- Ă(()) 304
- Integration Algorithm 305
- Appendix D: Probe Selection 311
- Low Impedance (Z 312
- High Voltage Probes 312
- Active Voltage Probes 313
- Current Probes 314
- Optical Probes 315
- General Care 317
- Inspection and Cleaning 317
- Procedures 317
- Appendix F: Programmer Disk 319
- Glossary 321
- NegativeOvershoot + 329
- Low * Min 329
- Amplitude 329
- PositiveOvershoot + 330
- Max * High 330
- Glossary–14 335
- , Zoom menu, 3–54 341
- DC. See DC Offset 346
- , Vertical menu, 3–18 346
- Index–11 347
- Index–12 348
- Index–13 349
- Index–14 350
- Position, 3–15, 3–16 351
- Index–16 352
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